Minggu, 26 Februari 2012

[H580.Ebook] Ebook Every Spy a Prince: The Complete History of Israel's Intelligence Community, by Dan Raviv, Yossi Melman

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Every Spy a Prince: The Complete History of Israel's Intelligence Community, by Dan Raviv, Yossi Melman

The first comprehensive and balanced account of the most controversial and well-known espionage organization in the world, taking readers through the complex web of politics and personal ambition that led to such disasters as the brutal violence on the West Bank. 8 pages of photographs.

  • Sales Rank: #547134 in Books
  • Published on: 1990-07
  • Original language: English
  • Number of items: 1
  • Dimensions: 9.45" h x 1.69" w x 6.30" l,
  • Binding: Hardcover
  • 466 pages
Features
  • jew
  • terrorist

From Publishers Weekly
The Israeli secret service's exalted reputation declined in 1973 with Mossad's failure to foresee the Yom Kippur War, setting off bitter and demoralizing feuds among the country's intelligence agencies, such as Shin Bet and Aman, and was further complicated by a succession of scandals in the 1980s that included the Jonathan Pollard and Mordechai Vananu arrests. Basing their work on interviews with former operatives and on declassified documents, CBS news correspondent Raviv and Israeli journalist Melman here produce a revealing critical history of the rise and decline of Israel's vaunted security and intelligence arm, from the idealistic pioneering days to the current disarray in the face of the Palestinian intifada and the shocking vulnerability of the intelligence community to material corruption. In today's Israel, claim the authors of this controversial book, "making money has become a Golden Calf, before which much of society--including its intelligence and military circles--kneels." Photos.
Copyright 1990 Reed Business Information, Inc.

From Library Journal
The amount of detail in this book certainly lends some credence to the book's subtitle, and the journalist authors have also uncovered some fascinating new information: Israel has a number of top secret agencies, including one devoted to protecting their nuclear program and another for rescuing Jews from unfriendly countries; nuclear weapons using submarine-based launch platforms are nearly a reality; and Israel has been spying on the United States for years. The authors work diligently in this book to convince the world of the high morality of the Israeli cause. Israeli intelligence has been a popular subject for fiction and nonfiction, but there has yet to be a definitive nonfiction account on the subject. This readable and entertaining book is recommended for larger Middle East collections. --David P. Snider, Casa Grande P.L., Ariz.
Copyright 1990 Reed Business Information, Inc.

Most helpful customer reviews

2 of 2 people found the following review helpful.
Princes Are Not Always Nice
By hagrid
Stories, if they are true, about the Israeli intelligence services. While they have pulled off some very well known operations that were successful, the book also tells about the failures. Some of the events are well known others are much lesser known, including how the USA received the gift of a complete Russian radar station.
Just the major caveat - what is true and what is fiction. When dealing with spooks don't believe everything. Each source has their own axe to grind.

4 of 4 people found the following review helpful.
Very Well Written
By NetPurchaseMan
While this very well-written book focuses on Israel, it is also of interest to those wanting to learn more about the relationship between Western countries, and Africa, and Western Countries, and the Middle East generally. Far from being a cheerleader for the Israeli services, I found the authors quite critical, and sometimes disdainful of ill-conceived operations, or ex-officials who peddled their expertise.

0 of 0 people found the following review helpful.
Wonderful read. This book gives the reader a good ...
By J Rodrigues
Wonderful read. This book gives the reader a good insight into Israel's secret service composition and the efforts this country is making in every possible way to protect itself and its citizen from terrorists. At some points it also describe's failure's of the sercret service community. There are some hard lessons to be learned and I am sure Israel has done so,. The authors have done a good job in outlining the secret service history of this wonderful nation.

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Rabu, 22 Februari 2012

[I678.Ebook] Ebook Free Web Technologies Research and Development - APWeb 2005: 7th Asia-Pacific Web Conference, Shanghai, China, March 29 - April 1, 2005, Proceed

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This volume contains papers selected for presentation at the 7th Asia Pacific Conference on Web Technology (APWeb 2005), which was held in Shanghai, China during March 29–April 1, 2005. APWeb is an international conference series on WWW technologies and is the primary forum for researchers and practitioners from both academia and industry to exchange knowledge on WWW-related technologies and new advanced applications. APWeb 2005 received 420 submissions from 21 countries and regions worldwide, including China, Korea, Australia, Japan, Taiwan, France, UK, Canada, USA, India, Hong Kong, Brazil, Germany, Thailand, Singapore, Turkey, Spain, Greece, Belgium, New Zealand, and UAE. After a thorough review process for each submission by the Program Committee members and expert reviewers recommended by PC members, APWeb 2005 accepted 71 regular research papers (acceptance ratio 16.9%) and 22 short papers (acceptance ratio 5.2%). This volume also includes 6 keynote papers and 11 invited demo papers. The keynote lectures were given by six leading experts: Prof. Ah Chung Tsoi (Australia Research Council), Prof. Zhiyong Liu (National Nature Science Foundation of China), Prof. John Mylopoulos (University of Toronto), Prof. Ramamohanarao (Rao) Kotagiri (University of Melbourne), Prof. Calton Pu (Georgia Tech), and Prof. Zhiwei Xu (Chinese Academy of Sciences).

  • Sales Rank: #16597167 in Books
  • Published on: 2005-04-29
  • Original language: English
  • Number of items: 1
  • Dimensions: 9.21" h x 2.18" w x 6.14" l, 3.35 pounds
  • Binding: Paperback
  • 1082 pages

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This textbook integrates financial and managerial accounting as opposed to keeping these areas separate, the approach followed by most books and curriculums. By “integration”, we mean the authors focus on the business process and examine the activities from both an external, financial reporting perspective and an internal, management decision-making perspective. The text incorporates real world applications, including actual financial statements, to reinforce the relevance of topics to real business situations and promote student interest. The text also promotes active learning through Enhance Your Understanding “probing” questions placed sporadically throughout many chapters, Of Interest boxes that provide additional information relating to the chapter concepts, new Fast Fact boxes that provide additional information related to chapter concepts in a short, trivia-like manner, and end-of-chapter group exercises. There are three key distinctions to the Ainsworth/Deines approach. They are: 1. Integration—described in preceding paragraph. 2. Within the context of business processes, Ainsworth/Deines is organized by planning for activities, performing those activities (in other words, capturing them in the financial statements), and finally, evaluating those business activities. 3. An organization around the Statement of Cash Flows first focusing on Operating Activities (what is my business, my product, who are my customers?) and then Financing and Investing Activities (how do I fund my business, how do I expand, what are the financial risks, etc?).

  • Sales Rank: #2769573 in Books
  • Published on: 2005-11-14
  • Original language: English
  • Number of items: 1
  • Dimensions: 11.20" h x 1.27" w x 8.50" l,
  • Binding: Hardcover
  • 672 pages

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Jumat, 17 Februari 2012

[Y509.Ebook] Fee Download Gender Diversity: Crosscultural Variations, by Serena Nanda

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How can we gain new understandings about sex, gender, and sexuality? What are the relationships between culture and gender diversity? How has the diffusion of Euro-American culture affected the sex/gender ideologies of non-European cultures? This eye-opening account of the differences in how sex/gender diversity is experienced in seven cultures raises our consciousness and challenges our intellectual understandings and attitudes about what we consider natural, normal, and morally right. Nanda's examples, which reveal the complexity of social responses toward sex/gender diversity, are ethnographically well documented and represent various geographical areas and sex/gender ideologies. In classic anthropological fashion, Nanda's text enables us to cross the barriers of cultural difference to a recognition of a greater shared humanity.

  • Sales Rank: #813483 in Books
  • Brand: Brand: Waveland Pr Inc
  • Published on: 1999-10-07
  • Ingredients: Example Ingredients
  • Original language: English
  • Number of items: 1
  • Dimensions: 9.00" h x 6.00" w x .50" l, .40 pounds
  • Binding: Paperback
  • 127 pages
Features
  • Used Book in Good Condition

From the Publisher
Titles of related interest from Waveland Press: Mascia-Lees, Gender and Difference in a Globalizing World: Twenty-first-Century Anthropology (ISBN 9781577665984) and Mascia-Lees-Black, Gender and Anthropology (ISBN 9781577660668).

From the Inside Flap
"Precisely because of its wide-range, detail and clarity the value of Gender Diversity extends beyond its target student audience and is an essential reference book for anyone interested in questions of sexual difference, personhood and globalisation." -- The Australian Journal of Anthropology (Vol. 13, No. 1)

From the Back Cover
“Precisely because of its wide-range, detail and clarity the value of Gender Diversity extends beyond its target student audience and is an essential reference book for anyone interested in questions of sexual difference, personhood and globalisation.” — The Australian Journal of Anthropology (Vol. 13, No. 1)
“The students related well to the writing, finding it accessible and enjoyable. The discussions of the multiple cultures, gender performances, sexualities, and country perspectives expanded well their Western, white, middle-class, hetero views on gender roles and sexuality.” — Kathryn A. Ziegler, Albion College

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61 of 64 people found the following review helpful.
Gender Diversity: Crosscultural Variations
By K. T.
In this lean book, Serena Nanda uses ethnographic accounts to illustrate how diverse cultures construct their sex/gender systems. By doing so, she reveals that these systems are not always binary; male and female, man and woman. Her descriptions of masculinity and femininity in India, Brazil, Polynesia, Thailand, the Philippines, within some Native American tribes and in contemporary Euro-American cultures challenge what some believe is "natural" about gender and, by extension, sexuality. By presenting gender variations historically and as they are currently understood and displayed, Nanda reveals the social, historical and cultural forces that have created changes in these sex/gender systems.
This engaging book has eight short chapters. The introductory chapter lays the foundation for Nanda's argument by defining key terms (e.g., gender diversity, sex, gender, sexual orientation, transgendered, sex/gender identity, etc.) with which readers must be familiar to understand gender variation. Chapters 1 through 5 provide ethnographic accounts of multiple genders among North American Indians, the hijra and sadhin of India, the travestís, bichas, and viados of Brazil, the mahu in Polynesia, the kathoey of Thailand and the bayot/bantut/bakla in the Philippines. What some readers will find most interesting and provocative are accounts of how contact with Western cultures influenced existing gender constructs in these cultures. For example, North American Indian men who dressed like women, did "women's work" and were sexually intimate with other men were called "berdache" (an Arabic term for a male prostitute) and demeaned by early Spanish explorers on religious grounds.
Chapter 6 focuses on sex and gender diversity in Euro-American cultures. While the present-day view is that there are only two sexes and two genders, Nanda reveals other models of sex/gender that are part of the Euro-American heritage. In the final chapter, Nanda summarizes important ideas from the preceding chapters and compares sex/gender variations. This further exposes the extent to which sex/gender variants challenge the binary concepts of sex, gender and sexuality in Western cultures. She rightly concludes that "the evidence argues against any one-way, cause-and-effect relationship between homosexuality and sex/gender diversity, and a specific sexuality may well emerge from a sex/gender variant role, rather than the reverse...the association between sexuality and sex/gender diversity cannot be assumed, but rather must be examined within specific cultural/historical contexts" (Nanda 2000, 101-02).
For those who want to learn more, Nanda includes a reference section that highlights materials that should be of particular interest to "students" of gender. She also provides a list of selected films, explains how each complements materials presented in a particular chapter and where to obtain the film.
Some readers may be disappointed that there is little coverage of female gender diversity in this book. However, this shortcoming is not Nanda's. As she explains, socialization, patriarchy and other factors allow male gender variance to occur more frequently than female gender variance. To her credit, where female gender variance is well documented (e.g.,among North American Indians, the s dhin of India and Euro-American variations) Nanda provides ample coverage.
In short, this book is a refreshing addition to the literature on gender, sexuality, cultural studies and gay and lesbian studies that should not be overlooked.

0 of 0 people found the following review helpful.
Gender and Diversity Cross Culturally
By Zora
I enjoyed learning about individuals whose gender and sexuality varies from the heteronormative gender categories in most Western societies. This text was used as a fundamental piece in understanding different expressions of gender and sexuality cross culturally, through an anthropology course focused on the distinction between gender, sexuality, and socially constructed roles attributed to gender. I liked how the text focused on the experiences of such gender and sexually variant individuals from cultures/societies in Philippines, Brazil, India, Native America, and many others. Even though heteronormative relationships in which men reign supreme over women the relationships of those not within such relationships mimics the structure of such male/female relationships, in some ways which are more destructive than others. One major issue I had about this text was that it was focused on the experiences of men, whether transgender or homosexual, which didn't leave much room for the experience of women as transgender or homosexual and that is not alright, to explore a skewed/ biased experiences of gender, sexuality, and social roles. One major thing that I learned from this text was that an individual's gender, sexuality, and social roles do not have to be the same, however there is a lot of overlap, but it was important for me to learn this distinctions in an ever changing world in respect to non heteronormative identities whether through expressions of gender or sexuality. This text would be a great addition for any women's studies or anthropology course which investigates the differences in gender, sexuality, and social roles. Or for individual exploration into these social issues.
This would be a good text for a college course or any other educational courses, as well as informal ones too. This text came well before Amazon's expected delivery date in great condition. Also, I returned it for Amazon credit at the end of the semester since Amazon does have the tradeback program which is great for students to earn Amazon credit.

0 of 0 people found the following review helpful.
Interesting intro to gender diversity around the world
By Trixie
Cultural differences about gender roles and sexuality has always fascinated me, so I thought this looked like a good read. It was pretty good, but I feel I would have liked it more if I didn't already know about some gender diversity in other cultures beforehand! It's a very good introduction to several cultures' takes on gender, sexuality and the roles that go along with them. At times the style of the author bored me or felt a bit dry, but the shortness of the book (roughly 100 pgs) made it easy to read. I'd recommend this to people interested in gender studies, sexuality, anthropology/cultures, sociology, and maybe even psychology.

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Rabu, 08 Februari 2012

[V678.Ebook] Ebook Free Slash: Guitar Play-Along Volume 143, by Slash

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Slash: Guitar Play-Along Volume 143, by Slash

(Guitar Play-Along). The Guitar Play-Along Series will help you play your favorite songs quickly and easily! Just follow the tab, listen to the online audio to hear how the guitar should sound, and then play along using the separate backing tracks. The melody and lyrics are also included in the book in case you want to sing, or to simply help you follow along. 8 songs: Black or White (Rap Version) * Paradise City * She Builds Quick Machines * Slither * Sweet Child O' Mine * Welcome to the Jungle * You Could Be Mine * You're a Lie.

  • Sales Rank: #1146841 in Books
  • Brand: Hal Leonard
  • Published on: 2015-10-01
  • Original language: English
  • Number of items: 1
  • Dimensions: 12.00" h x .29" w x 9.00" l,
  • Binding: Paperback
  • 106 pages
Features
  • Inventory #HL 00702425 ISBN: 9781458407672 Guitar Play-Along Volume 143 Series: Guitar Play-Along Format: Softcover Audio Online - TAB Artist: Slash Width: 9.0" Length: 12.0" 106 pages

Most helpful customer reviews

1 of 1 people found the following review helpful.
Kinda sucks Hal Leonard
By Ahab
Now with the digital audio download you don't get the slow downer software that is on the other book's CDs.
You have to buy a separate app now. Kinda sucks Hal Leonard.

1 of 1 people found the following review helpful.
One Star
By Claud Silva
no cd

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Sabtu, 04 Februari 2012

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Modern Lens Design (McGraw-Hill Professional Engineering), by Warren J. Smith

Unlike the first edition, which was more a collection of lens designs for use in larger projects, the 2nd edition of Modern Lens Design is an optical “how-to.” Delving deep into the mechanics of lens design, optics legend Warren J. Smith reveals time-tested methods for designing top-quality lenses. He deals with lens design software, primarily OSLO, by far the current market leaders, and provides 7 comprehensive worked examples, all new to this edition. With this book in hand, there’s no lens an optical engineer can’t design.

  • Sales Rank: #713582 in Books
  • Published on: 2004-11-12
  • Original language: English
  • Number of items: 1
  • Dimensions: 9.10" h x 1.90" w x 6.00" l, 2.26 pounds
  • Binding: Hardcover
  • 631 pages

Review
In this new edition of Smith's book, the focus has changed with the times. There are about half as many lens designs in the new edition, and the new material is directed toward design projects. Smith shows what he did, including blunders, to design a lens from first concept to final design. The designs include a cemented doublet, a triplet anastigmat, a Heliar, a Schmidt-Cassegrain, a landscape lens, and many more. The computer program OSLO was used to design the work, but the write-ups are program-neutral. Therefore, this book can be used with any lens design software. This book is a working person's text; there are very few derivations of techniques or derivations from first principles, Maxwell's equations, or Fermat's principle. The assumption is that the reader understands the basic optical principles and may have a command of the fundamentals of classical optical design methods. In short, a compendium of design techniques available today and a prescriptive resource for a variety of already designed lens types that can be starting points for a lens designer's efforts. Summing Up: Recommended. Upper-division undergraduates through professionals. -- D.B. Mason, Albright College

From the Back Cover
"This authoritative work is truly a rare find ... Smith's book is clearly written and exceedingly well organized ... When read from start to finish, the book makes it clear how the simple techniques demonstrated in the early chapters are developed and applied to more complex lens design forms."
--Laser Focus, on the previous edition

"An authoritative collection of lens design forms in a clear, readable format, Modern Lens Design is well worth acquiring by any student of the art of lens design.
-- Optical Engineering, on the previous edition

A MASTER CLASS IN PRACTICAL ENGINEERING TECHNIQUES AND THE ART OF LENS DESIGN
In this fully revised and updated Second Edition of Modern Lens Design, optics legend Warren J. Smith leads you through the mechanics of lens design, revealing tested methods for designing top-quality lenses. A paragon of design instruction, this volume offers clear explanations of processes, including the use of market-leading design software. You also get 7 comprehensive worked examples, all new to this edition. With this book in hand, there's no lens an optical engineer -- or an enthusiastic amateur -- can't design.

Warren J. Smith's Modern Lens Design helps you with every aspect of any major lens design project, including:
The prescription: Radii, spacings, materials, EFL, BFL, vertex length, object and image distances, magnification, Petzval radius, wavelength, clear apertures, and more
Rays: The axial-marginal ray and the chief ray
Plotting lens aberrations: Ray intercept plots for axis, 0.5, 0.7, and full field, field curvature, distortion, and lateral color

This text features new and updated lens design tables as well as comprehensive instruction in the lens design process, both traditional and CAD. Beginners and experts alike will turn to this book as the definitive source of lens design techniques time and time again.

LENS DESIGN INSTRUCTION, CHAPTER BY CHAPTER:
Introduction to Lens Design * Lens CAD: Managing the Software * Improving a Design * Cooke Triplet Anastigmats * Reversed Telephoto Lenses * Infrared Systems * Lens Design Tables * Example Designs * Formulary

About the Author
Warren J. Smith is Chief Scientist at Kaiser Electro-Optics as well as an independent consultant. He is the author of three prior books on lens design, including the first edition of this one, and the classics, Modern Optical Engineering and Practical Optical System Layout. He lives in Carlsbad, California.

Most helpful customer reviews

0 of 0 people found the following review helpful.
Excellent textbook
By David Lambert
Modern Lens Design is an excellent textbook in optical design using personal computer software. Even though there has been much progress in optical design software since the book was written, the principles are timeless.

2 of 3 people found the following review helpful.
Easy to read book on traditional lens design
By RAB
I purchased the 2nd edition of Warren Smith's 'classic' on lens design. Rather dated, and I advise the prospective buy to try to hold out for the most recent edition, the 4th, because considerable important 'modern' information was added to it. That said, if the earlier editions can be purchased at a temptingly low price, you'll still get most of what's important about the subject.

24 of 32 people found the following review helpful.
Practical Textbook on lens design now in 2nd Edition
By P. Nagy
Excerpt: My personal optical design experience has spanned more than five decades. They have been exciting, fascinating, and delightful decades; I have enjoyed each one. During that half century, lens design has changed radically. In the mid-twentieth century, lens design was still a semi-intuitive art, practiced by a few dedicated individuals of great per-severance, knowledge, and skill. And by mid-century most of the classic lens design forms had already been created. To this day, these designs are still the basis of many excellent modern optical systems.

Of course the practice of lens design today is radically different from what it was in the 1940s and 50s. Then, most optical design was done with an electromechanical desk calculator (e.g., Marchant, Frieden, and Monroe), and the raytracing rate, measured in terms of the number of surfaces through which one could trace the path of a ray in a given amount of time, was to the order of one ray surface in about 250s (if one were to work at it continuously through the day). Thus, using the cur-rent dimensions for raytracing speed, one did about 0.004 ray-surfaces per second. And these were only meridional two-dimensional rays, not the three-dimensional general rays ordinarily traced today. A great deal of ingenuity (and elegant theory) went into finding ways to avoid tracing any more rays than were absolutely necessary.

Thanks to the modern personal computer or PC, the computing rate has increased almost unbelievably. Today a run-of-the-mill PC is capable of calculating several million ray-surfaces per second; this is about nine or ten orders of magnitude faster. Needless to say the techniques of lens design today differ mightily from those of fifty or sixty years ago. Then, the designer might calculate the derivatives of a few aberrations with respect to a limited number of constructional parameters and solve a small set of simultaneous, linear equations in the course of correcting his lens. These limited calculations were all carefully selected on the basis of theory, experience, and intuition. (Interestingly, one of the very real problems facing designers today is that the computer spews out

numbers so rapidly that it takes strong self-discipline just to make one-self stop and think.)

In modern lens design work, a computer program almost instantaneously calculates and solves equations which are far more than an order of magnitude more complex and extensive than those cited above. It is not atypical for the computer program to control about 50 lens performance characteristics by adjusting the values of some 20 or 30 construction parameters of the optical system. These latter numbers imply a design space with 20 or 30 dimensions, a complex space indeed.

There are, however, some real limitations on the power of a so-called automatic lens design program. The typical program proceeds from a given starting design and drives the design to the nearest local optimum, a form at which any small structural changes will degrade the system performance. System performance is judged by a set of calculated characteristics defined in a merit function, which would be better termed a defect or error function, since the characteristics in it represent departures from desired values.

Obviously then, the final automatic design solution is completely and uniquely determined by (a) the merit function, (b) the starting design form, and (c) the algorithm by which the computer solves the problem of locating an optimum design form with the minimum value of the merit function.

When the first edition of Modern Lens Design (MLD) was published, there was a great need for a collection of suitable design forms at which to start the design process, and MLD provided almost 300 lens designs for this purpose. These designs were selected not only as starting points, but also as illustrations of important design principles. At the present time the need for sample designs, while still real, is significantly less, largely because most optical design programs now include libraries of lens designs. (These programs also include random search design capabilities which permit large changes in lens forms.) For example, all of the lens designs in the first edition of MLD (plus many others) are included in the lens libraries of the optical design program OSLO (a product of Lambda Research Corp.). Another program, LensVIEW by Brian Caldwell, is a compilation of over 30,000 lens designs and patents.

That said, it is (at least it is for me) far more easy and convenient to scan and compare a series of printed design pages than it is to do the same thing on a computer screen (even with the multiwindow capabilities of many programs). For this and other reasons this second edition of MLD has retained about half of the original designs and has added some new ones. The reader may also find some additional designs in the works referenced at the end of the book.

The practice of lens design is now essentially an engineering discipline. While this book is intended to be self-contained, we deliberately

do not include a lot of derivations, or even the mechanics of exact ray tracing. And as valuable and cherished as they may be in academia, we happily omit any derivations from first principles, Maxwell's equations, or Fermat's principle. These are simply not necessary for a book on lens design. We make one exception to the no "ray tracing" rule, namely for the tracing of paraxial rays, which a lens designer often carries out by hand, or with a programmed pocket calculator. This topic is covered in the Formulary of Chapter 24, along with other valuable and frequently used geometrical optics relationships.

However, there is currently a growing need for a more detailed exposition of basic lens design and theory in a single volume. The first edition of MLD was a "companion" volume to the author's Modern Optical Engineering. Several very basic lens design books have recently appeared; some are almost extended user manuals written for a specific design program. This edition of MLD is definitely not intended as a user manual, or as a guide to any specific program. It is an attempt to go well beyond this level by presenting both the basics of, and a more advanced approach to, lens design. The intent is to advise the reader how to get the most from any computer lens design program. To this end, about half of the lens designs in the first edition of MLD have been eliminated to make room for quite a bit of new material.

The text is, as far as possible, completely program neutral. I have tried to make the material regarding design programs as generic as I could, discussing features that are available in almost all commercial soft-ware. I have used OSLO for the design work demonstrated in the text, and for preparing the new figures. (The lens analysis figures in the first edition of MLD were prepared with a customized version of the program GENII, using a new and unique presentation style which is now widely available; for an example, see the OSLO aberration plots herein.)

Most neophyte lens designers very quickly get past the basics and learn to use their computer programs with a high level of proficiency. At this point, what they need most is an answer to the question, "What do I do now?" Much of the new material in this edition is designed to this end and takes the form of actual design projects carried out from scratch, warts and all. (In other words, I have not papered over the blunders I made in the design process.) These designs include a cemented doublet, a triplet anastigmat, a Tessar, a Heliar, a Dogmar, a telephoto, a Schmidt cassegrain, a binocular eyepiece, an apochromatic triplet, and a landscape lens. Many of these design stories are carried out to some length to illustrate all of the possible steps that can be taken to improve a design. Every initial assumption is explained and justified. These design descriptions not only show the basic design

approach, but continue on with advanced steps and the rationale for them.

I have surveyed the literature at some length for any design techniques which might have a general applicability (as well as the reported specific use for the writer's specific problem). Some were found in the references listed at the end of the book. For the most part, the design techniques described here are those which I have found to be useful in working with an optimization program. Many of the techniques have been developed or refined during more than two decades of teaching courses in lens design; indeed some of these ideas were suggested or inspired by my students. Other valuable sources were the many informal discussions that I have been fortunate to have with my colleagues.

For better or worse, one can never seem to squeeze all the material that you want into a book. At the manuscript deadline date there is always at least one more feature that you wished there was enough time to develop, write, and include. But I suppose that if there were time, no book would ever be finished.

Surprisingly, there are only a modest number of well-understood and widely utilized principles of optical design. If one can master a thorough understanding of these principles, their effects, and their mechanisms, it is easy to recognize them in existing designs and also easy to apply them to one's own design work. It is the intent here to promote such understanding by presenting both expositions and annotated design examples of these principles.

Readers are free to use the designs in this book as starting points for their own design efforts, or in any other way they see fit. The reader must accept full responsibility for meeting whatever limitations are imposed on the use of these designs by any patent, copyright, or other (whether indicated herein or not).

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